پروژه آموزش و توسعه doc
پروژه کامل تحقیقاتی و آماده چاپ با موضوع
آموزش و توسعه ، در 45 صفحه word
فهرست
مقدمه : 1
آموزش در کشورهای در حال توسعه. 6
« هزینه های آموزش همگانی ». 6
« ثبت نام ». 8
ترک تحصیل : 8
زنان وآموزش... 9
اقتصاد آموزش واشتغال : 11
فواید وهزینه های اجتماعی وخصوصی.. 17
آموزش ، جامعه وتوسعه : 18
آموزش ورشد اقتصادی.. 19
آموزش ، نابرابری وفقر : 22
آموزش مهاجرت داخلی وفرار مغزها : 26
آموزش زنان، باروری ومراقبتهای بهداشتی.. 30
آموزش وتوسعه روستایی.. 32
نیازهای آموزشی برای توسعه روستایی را می توان در چهار گروه زیر خلاصه کرد : 35
جمع بندی ونتیجه گیری : انتخاب سیاستهای اصلی آموزشی.. 36
تعدیل عدم تعادلها علائم ومحرکها 38
جلوگیری از فرار مغزها 38
سیاستهای داخلی نظام آموزشی.. 40
بودجه آموزشی.. 40
کمک مالی دولتی.. 40
برنامه های درسی دوره ابتدایی در ارتباط با نیازهای روستایی.. 41
سهمیه بندی : 42
مقدمه :
اکثرا اقتصاد دانان دراین امر توافق دارند که آنچه در نهایت خصوصیت وروند توسعه اقتصادی واجتماعی کشوررا تعیین می کند « منابع انسانی » آن کشوراست ونه سرمایه ویا منابع مادی آن.
مکانیزم نهادی اصلی برای توسعه ودانش انسانی نظام رسمی آموزشی است. اکثر کشورهای جهان سوم براین باورند که رمز اصلی توسعه ملی گسترش کمی سریع فرصتهای آموزشی است. آموزش بیشتر توسعه سریعتر.
بنابراین ، تمام کشورها خود را موظف به دنبال کردن هدف آموزش ابتدایی « همگانی » در کوتاهترین زمان ممکن می دانند . این تلاش اگر چه از نظر سیاسی بسیار حساس شده است ولی اغلب از نظر اقتصادی بسیار پرهزینه است وبه صورت « گاو مقدس » در آمده است تا این اواخر تعداد معدودی از سیاستمداران ، قانونگذاران ، اقتصاد دانان یا برنامه ریزان آموزشی در داخل یا خارج کشورهای جهان سوم جرأت این را داشتند که در ملاعام هوس وجنون آموزشی رسمی را مورد سؤال قرار دهند.
معذلک اعتراض علیه آموزش رسمی در حال افزایش است و از منابع بسیاری سرچشمه می گیرد را مبنای آن به واضحترین شکل ممکن در خصوصیات ونتایج خود فرایند توسعه می توان یافت.
Learn to Speak French Level Two Unit Eight
It’s now possible to speak and understand a foreign language effortlessly. The world-famous Pimsleur Method™ combines well-established research, most-useful vocabulary and a completely intuitive process to get you speaking right from the first day. All Pimsleur® courses feature real-world context and flexible vocabulary enabling you to learn your new language in a fluid, natural way. It’s the simplest way to start speaking a new language today.
French is an official language in 44 countries. It is spoken by 55 million people in France, 3 million in Belgium, 1.5 million in Switzerland, 6.5 million in Canada, and 5 million in former French and Belgian colonies. It is also an official language of the U.N. Learn French today with Pimsleur.
You can download the first lesson for free from here.
You can download the Reading Book from here for free.
DescriptionIncludes 30 lessons and reading instruction as MP3 download, plus a User’s Guide and Reading Booklet
The Easiest and Fastest Way to Learn French
Whether you want to travel, communicate with friends or colleagues, reconnect with family, or just understand more of what’s going on in the world around you, learning French will expand your horizons and immeasurably enrich your life.
The best part is that it doesn’t have to be difficult or take years to master. Thirty minutes a day is all it takes, and we get you speaking right from the first day. These courses use a scientifically-proven method that puts you in control of your learning. If you’ve tried other language learning methods but found they simply didn’t stick, then you owe it to yourself to give this a try.
Why these courses?
- Quick + Easy – Only 30 minutes a day.
- Portable + Flexible – Core lessons can be done anytime, anywhere, and easily fit into your busy life.
- Proven Method – Works when other methods fail.
- Self-Paced – Go fast or go slow – it’s up to you.
- Based in Science – Developed using proven research on memory and learning.
- Cost-effective – Less expensive than classes or immersion, and features all native speakers.
- Genius – Triggers your brain’s natural aptitude to learn.
- Works for everyone – Recommended for ages 13 and above.
What’s Included?
- 30, 30-minute audio lessons
- 60 minutes of reading instruction to provide you with an introduction to reading French designed to teach you to sound out words with correct pronunciation and accent
- in total, 16 hours of audio, all featuring native speakers
- a Reading Booklet and a User’s Guide
What You’ll Learn
In the first 10 lessons, you’ll cover the basics: saying hello, asking for or giving information, scheduling a meal or a meeting, asking for or giving basic directions, and much more. You’ll be able to handle minimum courtesy requirements, understand much of what you hear, and be understood at a beginning level, but with near-native pronunciation skills.
In the next 10 lessons, you’ll build on what you’ve learned. Expand your menu, increase your scheduling abilities from general to specific, start to deal with currency and exchanging money, refine your conversations and add over a hundred new vocabulary items. You’ll understand more of what you hear, and be able to participate with speech that is smoother and more confident.
In the final 10 lessons, you’ll be speaking and understanding at an intermediate level. In this phase, more directions are given in the target language, which moves your learning to a whole new plane. Lessons include shopping, visiting friends, going to a restaurant, plans for the evening, car trips, and talking about family. You’ll be able to speak comfortably about things that happened in the past and make plans for the future.
Reading Lessons begin in Lesson 9 to provide you with an introduction to reading French. In addition, the combined Reading Lessons are included after Lesson 30. These Reading Lessons, which total about one hour, are designed to teach you to sound out words with correct pronunciation and accent.
About This Method
We make no secret of what makes this powerful method work so well. Paul Pimsleur spent his career researching and perfecting the precise elements anyone can use to learn a language quickly and easily. Here are a few of his “secrets”:
The Principle of Anticipation
In the nanosecond between a cue and your response, your brain has to work to come up with the right word. Having to do this boosts retention, and cements the word in your mind.
Core Vocabulary
Words, phrases, and sentences are selected for their usefulness in everyday conversation. We don’t overwhelm you with too much, but steadily increase your ability with every lesson.
Graduated Interval Recall
Reminders of new words and structures come up at the exact interval for maximum retention and storage into your long-term memory.
Organic Learning
You work on multiple aspects of the language simultaneously. We integrate grammar, vocabulary, rhythm, melody, and intonation into every lesson, which allows you to experience the language as a living, expressive form of human culture.
Learning in Context
Research has shown that learning new words in context dramatically accelerates your ability to remember. Every scene in every Pimsleur lesson is set inside a conversation between two people. There are no drills, and no memorization necessary for success.
Active Participation
This Method + active learner participation = success. This method works with every language and every learner who follows it. You gain the power to recall and use what you know, and to add new words easily, exactly as you do in English.
The French Language
French is spoken by 55 million speakers in France, 3 million in Belgium, 1.5 million in Switzerland, 6.5 million in Canada, and 5 million in former French and Belgian colonies. It is an official language in 44 countries and an official language of the United Nations. An estimated 50 million people around the world speak French as a second language.
دانلود تحقیق آموزش و پرورش در عصر اطلاعات و ارتباطات
امروزه ، فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات در نظام های آموزشی پیشرفته حرف اول را می‌زنند ، اما پایه و اساس این حرف ها بر یافته های علمی به ویژه ، یافته های علوم تربیتی ، روان شناسی رشد ، دانش و هنر آموزش مبتنی است .
بنابراین نباید فراموش کنیم هر کجا که می خواهیم از فناوری های گوناگون در آموزش استفاده کنیم ، دانش و هنر آموزش مقدم بر فناوری است . در حقیقت فناوری آموزش باید در خدمت آموزش باشد نه به عکس ، در عین حال یادآوری این نکته ضروری است که بدون فناوری های اطلاعاتی و ارتباط به روز ، تغییر و تحول اساسی در شیوه ها ، نگرش ها و مهارت های آموزشی مناسب با عصردانایی رخ نخواهد داد . بنابراین ، تاثیر متقابل یافته های علمی بر فناوری و قابلیت ها و توانایی های فناوری در به کار گیری یافته های علمی انکار ناپذیر است . و فناوری های اطلاعات و ارتباطات با علم تعلیم و تربیت در آموزش های مبتنی بر خود - رهبری ، تفکر انتقادی و پرورش خرد ورزی همسویی و سازگاری بیشتری دارند .
مقدمه :
کاربرد فناوریهای جدید اطلاعات و ارتباطات ، تغییرات شگفت انگیزی در فرآورده های و فعالیت های کار و زندگی مردم به وجود آورده است فناوری های اطلاعاتی و ارتباطی به سرعت ساختار اجتماعی و شیوه های زندگی مردم را در جهان تغییر می‌دهند و برای ایجاد «جامعه اطلاعاتی » که در آن تولید دانش ، علمی هدف است ، رو به گسترش اند .
اگر در هر دوره از تاریخ بشری قدرت و برتری را به یکی از ویژگیهای خاص آن دوره تعبیر کنیم . ویژگی خاص عصر اطلاعات که آن را از سایر دوره های متمایز می‌سازد ، تولید و عرضه اطلاعات است . بنابراین ملاک قدرت و برتری کشور ها میزان تولید اطلاعات و سهولت دسترسی سریع و گسترده افراد به اطلاعات صحیح است .
فایل ورد 13 ص
شبیه سازی و آموزش ساعت اندازه گیری با دقت 10- 0.01 میلیمتری
شبیه سازی و آموزش ساعت اندازه گیری با دقت 10- 0.01 میلیمتری با استفاده از Flash Player، توضیحات: یک مجموعه آموزشی شامل یک فایل فلاش که اساس کار و استفاده از خط کش را شبیه سازی می کند. استفاده از این فایلهای فلاش برای آموزش به تمامی دانش آموزان و دانشجویان مکانیک توصیه می نمائیم.
Learn to Speak French Level Two Unit Twenty Nine
It’s now possible to speak and understand a foreign language effortlessly. The world-famous Pimsleur Method™ combines well-established research, most-useful vocabulary and a completely intuitive process to get you speaking right from the first day. All Pimsleur® courses feature real-world context and flexible vocabulary enabling you to learn your new language in a fluid, natural way. It’s the simplest way to start speaking a new language today.
French is an official language in 44 countries. It is spoken by 55 million people in France, 3 million in Belgium, 1.5 million in Switzerland, 6.5 million in Canada, and 5 million in former French and Belgian colonies. It is also an official language of the U.N. Learn French today with Pimsleur.
You can download the first lesson for free from here.
You can download the Reading Book from here for free.
DescriptionIncludes 30 lessons and reading instruction as MP3 download, plus a User’s Guide and Reading Booklet
The Easiest and Fastest Way to Learn French
Whether you want to travel, communicate with friends or colleagues, reconnect with family, or just understand more of what’s going on in the world around you, learning French will expand your horizons and immeasurably enrich your life.
The best part is that it doesn’t have to be difficult or take years to master. Thirty minutes a day is all it takes, and we get you speaking right from the first day. These courses use a scientifically-proven method that puts you in control of your learning. If you’ve tried other language learning methods but found they simply didn’t stick, then you owe it to yourself to give this a try.
Why these courses?
- Quick + Easy – Only 30 minutes a day.
- Portable + Flexible – Core lessons can be done anytime, anywhere, and easily fit into your busy life.
- Proven Method – Works when other methods fail.
- Self-Paced – Go fast or go slow – it’s up to you.
- Based in Science – Developed using proven research on memory and learning.
- Cost-effective – Less expensive than classes or immersion, and features all native speakers.
- Genius – Triggers your brain’s natural aptitude to learn.
- Works for everyone – Recommended for ages 13 and above.
What’s Included?
- 30, 30-minute audio lessons
- 60 minutes of reading instruction to provide you with an introduction to reading French designed to teach you to sound out words with correct pronunciation and accent
- in total, 16 hours of audio, all featuring native speakers
- a Reading Booklet and a User’s Guide
What You’ll Learn
In the first 10 lessons, you’ll cover the basics: saying hello, asking for or giving information, scheduling a meal or a meeting, asking for or giving basic directions, and much more. You’ll be able to handle minimum courtesy requirements, understand much of what you hear, and be understood at a beginning level, but with near-native pronunciation skills.
In the next 10 lessons, you’ll build on what you’ve learned. Expand your menu, increase your scheduling abilities from general to specific, start to deal with currency and exchanging money, refine your conversations and add over a hundred new vocabulary items. You’ll understand more of what you hear, and be able to participate with speech that is smoother and more confident.
In the final 10 lessons, you’ll be speaking and understanding at an intermediate level. In this phase, more directions are given in the target language, which moves your learning to a whole new plane. Lessons include shopping, visiting friends, going to a restaurant, plans for the evening, car trips, and talking about family. You’ll be able to speak comfortably about things that happened in the past and make plans for the future.
Reading Lessons begin in Lesson 9 to provide you with an introduction to reading French. In addition, the combined Reading Lessons are included after Lesson 30. These Reading Lessons, which total about one hour, are designed to teach you to sound out words with correct pronunciation and accent.
About This Method
We make no secret of what makes this powerful method work so well. Paul Pimsleur spent his career researching and perfecting the precise elements anyone can use to learn a language quickly and easily. Here are a few of his “secrets”:
The Principle of Anticipation
In the nanosecond between a cue and your response, your brain has to work to come up with the right word. Having to do this boosts retention, and cements the word in your mind.
Core Vocabulary
Words, phrases, and sentences are selected for their usefulness in everyday conversation. We don’t overwhelm you with too much, but steadily increase your ability with every lesson.
Graduated Interval Recall
Reminders of new words and structures come up at the exact interval for maximum retention and storage into your long-term memory.
Organic Learning
You work on multiple aspects of the language simultaneously. We integrate grammar, vocabulary, rhythm, melody, and intonation into every lesson, which allows you to experience the language as a living, expressive form of human culture.
Learning in Context
Research has shown that learning new words in context dramatically accelerates your ability to remember. Every scene in every Pimsleur lesson is set inside a conversation between two people. There are no drills, and no memorization necessary for success.
Active Participation
This Method + active learner participation = success. This method works with every language and every learner who follows it. You gain the power to recall and use what you know, and to add new words easily, exactly as you do in English.
The French Language
French is spoken by 55 million speakers in France, 3 million in Belgium, 1.5 million in Switzerland, 6.5 million in Canada, and 5 million in former French and Belgian colonies. It is an official language in 44 countries and an official language of the United Nations. An estimated 50 million people around the world speak French as a second language.