تولیمو (The Test of Language by the Iranian Measurement Organizations) یکی از آزمون های زبان داخل است که بیشتر متقاضیان این آزمون را داوطلبان دکتری تشکیل می دهند زیرا داشتن نمره زبان تولیمو ( تولیمو ، تافل ، MCHE، .....) برای قبولی در آزمون دکتری لازم است.
محدوده نمره تولیمو از 217 تا 657 می باشد. این آزمون شامل 140 سوال چهار گزینه ای و یک سوال در بخش نوشتاری ( مدت پاسخگویی 30 دقیقه ) ، ساختار و نوشتار زبانی ( 40 سوال و مدت پاسخگویی 30 دقیقه ) ،خواندن و درک مطلب (50 سوال و مدت پاسخگویی 55 دقیقه ) و درک مطلب شفاهی (50 سوال و مدت پاسخگویی 35 دقیقه ) است.
تمامی سؤالات درک مطلب مطلب (5 متن- 50 سؤال) نود و پنجمین دوره آزمون تولیمو (93/11/30) همچنین 2 متن در دوره 97 (94/2/24) ، 2 متن در دوره 98 (94/4/25) و 1 متن در دوره 99 (94/5/29) و 2 متن دوره 102 آزمون تولیمو 21 آبان 94 از این کتاب مطرح شده است، لذا انتظار می رود در آزمون های آینده نیز از این کتاب متن ریدینگ مطرح شود.
رمز عبور نمونه فایل های دانلود شده: msrtmche.sell.ir
دانلود نمونه متن 1همچنین شما جدیدترین منابع را میتوانید از لینکهای زیر دانلود کنید:
***کامل ترین بسته منابع واقعی آزمون MSRT - کاملترین و جدیدترین منابع آزمون ام اس آرتی 94 و 95
***منابع ریدینگ***
دانلود مرجع سوالات ریدینگ آزمون MSRT شهریور 95 - منبع سوالات ریدینگ آزمون 5 شهریور 1395
دانلود منبع ریدینگ آزمون msrt مرداد و شهریور 95 - منبع ریدینگ آزمون مرداد و شهریور 95
دانلود منبع ریدینگ اردیبهشت و خرداد 95 آزمون زبان MSRT منبع سؤالات درک مطلب خرداد و اردیبهشت 95
دانلود جدیدترین منبع ریدینگ یا درک مطلب سال 1395 آزمون زبان MSRT - منبع ریدینگ سال 95
دانلود کتاب جدید سوالات ریدینگ آزمون MSRT - برگرفته از آزمون آذر و بهمن 94
کتاب مرجع سوالات آزمون MSRT - منبع سوالات مرداد و شهریور 94
***منابع گرامر***
کتاب گرامر آزمون MSRT - نکات و 60 مهارت گرامر کتاب لانگمن قرمز به زبان فارسی با 2 ترجمه
منبع گرامر آزمون MSRT - منبع گرامر برای آزمونهای زبان MSRT، تولیمو، آزمون دکتری و ...
***منابع لیسنینگ**
منبع لیسنینگ مردا و شهریور 95 - دانلود بخش شنیداری آزمون msrt مرداد و شهریور 95
***منبع لیسنینگ یا بخش شنیداری آزمون msrt خرداد 95 - منبع جدید بخش Listening شنیداری 7 خرداد 95 آزمون MSRT
***دانلود جدیدترین منبع لیسنینگ 95 آزمون زبان MSRT - منبع جدید بخش شنیداری آزمون MSRT اردیبهشت 95
***مرجع جدید بخش شنیداری Listening آزمون MSRT بهمن 1394 - مرجع جدید بخش لانگ شنیداری
***دانلود جدیدترین مرجع سوالات بخش لیسنینگ Listening یا شنیداری آزمون MSRT - جدید ترین مرجع مکالمات بلند آزمون آذر 94 به بعد
***منبع جدید لیسنینگ (Listening) آزمون MSRT - کاملترین منبع مکالمات بلند مرداد، شهریور، مهر و آبان 94
***دانلود منبع اصلی لیسنینگ (listening) آزمون MSRT - مرداد، شهریور، مهر و آبان 94
ما تنها کسانی می باشیم که منابع واقعی سوالات بخش ریدینگ و شنیداری آزمون زبان MSRT را در اختیار داریم و می توانیم آن ها را به شما ارائه دهیم تا شما هیچ گونه مشکلی در این آزمون نداشته باشید.
لینک پرداخت و دانلود *پایین مطلب*
فرمت فایل:Word (قابل ویرایش و آماده پرینت)
تعداد صفحه: 33
فهرست مطالب:
مقدمه
جایگاه زبان فارسی
پیشینهٔ زبان فارسی
زبان پارسی باستان
پارسی میانه
پارسی نو
خط فارسی
زبانهای بیگانه در فارسی
واژههای عربیشدهٔ فارسی
فرهنگستان ایران
گویشها و لهجهها
توصیف زبان شناختی زبان فارسی
نام زبان فارسی در زبانهای دیگر
کاربردهای نادرست قواعد عربی در فارسی
علامتهای جمع عربی
منابع
مقدمه
زبان فارسی )فارسی دری، پارسی، دری[۲]) زبانی است که در کشورهای ایران، افغانستان[۳]، تاجیکستان[۴] و ازبکستان[۵] به آن سخن میگویند. فارسی زبان رسمی کشورهای ایران و تاجیکستان و یکی از زبانهای رسمی کشور افغانستان است.
در ایران بیش از ۴۰ میلیون تن[۶] )بین ۵۸٪ تا ۷۹٪) پارسی زبان هستند.[۷] در افغانستان ۲۰ میلیون تن، در تاجیکستان ۵ میلیون تن[۸]، و در ازبکستان حدود ۷ میلیون تن به فارسی سخن میگویند. [۹] [۱۰]زبان پارسی گویشورانی نیز در هند و پاکستان دارد )نگاه:زبان فارسی در شبهقاره هندوستان). با توجه به رسمی بودن زبان فارسی در ایران، افغانستان و تاجیکستان و تسلط گویشوران سایر زبان ها بدان به عنوان زبان دوم روی همرفته میتوان شمار پارسیگویان جهان را حدود ۱۱۰ میلیون تن برآورد کرد.
گرچه پارسی اکنون زبان رسمی پاکستان نیست، پیش از استعمار انگلیس و در زمان امپراتوری مغول )به فرمان اکبرشاه)، زبان رسمی و فرهنگی شبهقاره هند بوده است. زبان رسمی کنونی پاکستان )اردو)، که «اسلامیشده»ی زبان هندی است، بسیار تحت تأثیر پارسی بودهاست و واژههای پارسی بسیاری دارد. به خاطر تأثیر بسیار زیاد زبان فارسی در پاکستان، بنیانگذاران این کشور تصمیم گرفتند که سرود ملی پاکستان به زبان فارسی باشد. در تعاریف رسمی پاکستان، زبان اردو دختر زیبای زبان فارسی معرفی میشود.
جایگاه زبان فارسی
زبان فارسی با اینکه یکی از ارکان اصلی هویت ایرانی است و بعد از انقلاب مشروطه به عنوان زبان ملی ایران تبلیغ و شناخته شدهاست،[نیازمند منبع] ولی هویتی بسیار فراتر از فلات ایران دارد به طور مثال قبل از استعمار هند توسط انگلیس، در زمان حکومت گورکانیان در هند، که ادامه دهنده امپراتوری تیموریان در هند بودند، فارسی زبان رسمی این امپراتوری وسیع بود.[۱۱] یا نقل میکنند که وقتی که شاه اسماعیل صفوی در ابتدای یکی از جنگهای خود قطعه شعری به زبان ترکی آذربایجانی برای پادشاه عثمانی فرستاد، پادشاه عثمانی شعری فارسی را در جواب او، برای شاه اسماعیل پس فرستاد.[۱۲] زبان فارسی جدا از اینکه زبان اصلی و یا زبان دوم مردم سرزمین ایران با قومیتهای مختلف بودهاست، نفوذ بسیاری در کشورهای مجاور خود همچون امپراتوریهای گورکانیان هند و عثمانی داشتهاست.آن هم در حالی که در کنار نفوذ زبان فارسی، نفوذ فرهنگ ایرانی هم در فرهنگهای دیگر دیده میشود و به طور مثال در امپراتوری گورکانیان در کنار دین اسلام، فرهنگ ایرانی جزو سرلوحههای فرهنگیشان بوده است[۱۳] [۱۴]. این نفوذ فرهنگی تا به آن حد است که ریچارد نلسون فرای، استاد بازنشسته دانشگاه هاروارد معتقد است که «...عربها دیگر نقش ایران و زبان فارسی را در شکل گیری فرهنگ اسلامی درک نمیکنند. شاید آنان آرزو دارند که گذشته را فراموش کنند، ولی با این کار آنها ریشههای معنوی، اخلاقی و فرهنگی خودشان را حذف میکنند...» [۱۵] [۱۶].
در سال ۱۸۷۲ در نشست ادیبان و زبانشناسان اروپایی در برلین، زبانهای یونانی، فارسی، لاتین و سانسکریت به عنوان زبانهای کلاسیک جهان برگزیده شدند. بر پایهٔ تعریف، زبانی کلاسیک بهشمار میآید که اولا باستانی باشد، ثانیا ادبیات غنی داشته باشد و ثالثا در آخرین هزاره عمر خود تغییرات اندکی کرده باشد. [۱۷]
زبان فارسی از نظر شمار و تنوع ضربالمثلها در میان سه زبان اول جهان است.[۱۸]
It’s now possible to speak and understand a foreign language effortlessly. The world-famous Pimsleur Method™ combines well-established research, most-useful vocabulary and a completely intuitive process to get you speaking right from the first day. All Pimsleur® courses feature real-world context and flexible vocabulary enabling you to learn your new language in a fluid, natural way. It’s the simplest way to start speaking a new language today.
German is the official language of Germany and Austria and is one of the official languages of Switzerland, Belgium, Lichtenstein, and Luxembourg. Nearly 100 million people speak German as their first language. Learn German today with Pimsleur.
You can download the first lesson for free from Here.
You can download the reading booklet for free from here.
Description
Includes 30 lessons and reading instruction (16 hours) as MP3 download, plus a User’s Guide and Reading Booklet
The Easiest and Fastest Way to Learn German
Whether you want to travel, communicate with friends or colleagues, reconnect with family, or just understand more of what’s going on in the world around you, learning German will expand your horizons and immeasurably enrich your life.
The best part is that it doesn’t have to be difficult or take years to master. Thirty minutes a day is all it takes, and we get you speaking right from the first day. Pimsleur courses use a scientifically-proven method that puts you in control of your learning. If you’ve tried other language learning methods but found they simply didn’t stick, then you owe it to yourself to give Pimsleur a try.
Why Pimsleur?
- Quick + Easy – Only 30 minutes a day.
- Portable + Flexible – Core lessons can be done anytime, anywhere, and easily fit into your busy life.
- Proven Method – Works when other methods fail.
- Self-Paced – Go fast or go slow – it’s up to you.
- Based in Science – Developed using proven research on memory and learning.
- Cost-effective – Less expensive than classes or immersion, and features all native speakers.
- Genius – Triggers your brain’s natural aptitude to learn.
- Works for everyone – Recommended for ages 13 and above.
What’s Included?
- 30, 30-minute audio lessons
- 60 minutes of reading instruction to provide you with an introduction to reading German designed to teach you to sound out words with correct pronunciation and accent
- in total, 16 hours of audio, all featuring native speakers
- a Reading Booklet and a User’s Guide
What You’ll Learn
In the first 10 lessons, you’ll cover the basics: saying hello, asking for or giving information, scheduling a meal or a meeting, asking for or giving basic directions, and much more. You’ll be able to handle minimum courtesy requirements, understand much of what you hear, and be understood at a beginning level, but with near-native pronunciation skills.
In the next 10 lessons, you’ll build on what you’ve learned. Expand your menu, increase your scheduling abilities from general to specific, start to deal with currency and exchanging money, refine your conversations and add over a hundred new vocabulary items. You’ll understand more of what you hear, and be able to participate with speech that is smoother and more confident.
In the final 10 lessons, you’ll be speaking and understanding at an intermediate level. In this phase, more directions are given in the target language, which moves your learning to a whole new plane. Lessons include shopping, visiting friends, going to a restaurant, plans for the evening, car trips, and talking about family. You’ll be able to speak comfortably about things that happened in the past and make plans for the future.
Reading Lessons begin in Lesson 10 to provide you with an introduction to reading German. In addition, the combined Reading Lessons are included after Lesson 30. These Reading Lessons, which total about one hour, are designed to teach you to sound out words with correct pronunciation and accent.
The Pimsleur Method
We make no secret of what makes this powerful method work so well. Paul Pimsleur spent his career researching and perfecting the precise elements anyone can use to learn a language quickly and easily. Here are a few of his “secrets”:
The Principle of Anticipation
In the nanosecond between a cue and your response, your brain has to work to come up with the right word. Having to do this boosts retention, and cements the word in your mind.
Core Vocabulary
Words, phrases, and sentences are selected for their usefulness in everyday conversation. We don’t overwhelm you with too much, but steadily increase your ability with every lesson.
Graduated Interval Recall
Reminders of new words and structures come up at the exact interval for maximum retention and storage into your long-term memory.
Organic Learning
You work on multiple aspects of the language simultaneously. We integrate grammar, vocabulary, rhythm, melody, and intonation into every lesson, which allows you to experience the language as a living, expressive form of human culture.
Learning in Context
Research has shown that learning new words in context dramatically accelerates your ability to remember. Every scene in every Pimsleur lesson is set inside a conversation between two people. There are no drills, and no memorization necessary for success.
Active Participation
The Pimsleur Method + active learner participation = success. This method works with every language and every learner who follows it. You gain the power to recall and use what you know, and to add new words easily, exactly as you do in English.
The German Language
German is the official language of Germany and Austria and is one of the official languages of Switzerland. It is also an official language in Belgium, Lichtenstein, and Luxembourg. Nearly 100 million people speak German as their first language: about 77 million in Germany, 8 million in Austria, and 4.5 million in Switzerland.
It’s now possible to speak and understand a foreign language effortlessly. The world-famous Pimsleur Method™ combines well-established research, most-useful vocabulary and a completely intuitive process to get you speaking right from the first day. All Pimsleur® courses feature real-world context and flexible vocabulary enabling you to learn your new language in a fluid, natural way. It’s the simplest way to start speaking a new language today.
Italian is the official language of Italy and San Marino, and an official language of Switzerland, Croatia, and Slovenia. It is spoken by about 66 million worldwide. Learn Italian today with Pimsleur.
You can download the first lesson for free from here.
DescriptionIncludes 30 lessons and reading instruction (16 hours) as MP3 download, plus a User’s Guide and Reading Booklet
The Easiest and Fastest Way to Learn Italian
Whether you want to travel, communicate with friends or colleagues, reconnect with family, or just understand more of what’s going on in the world around you, learning Italian will expand your horizons and immeasurably enrich your life.
The best part is that it doesn’t have to be difficult or take years to master. Thirty minutes a day is all it takes, and we get you speaking right from the first day. Pimsleur courses use a scientifically-proven method that puts you in control of your learning. If you’ve tried other language learning methods but found they simply didn’t stick, then you owe it to yourself to give Pimsleur a try.
Why Pimsleur?
- Quick + Easy – Only 30 minutes a day.
- Portable + Flexible – Core lessons can be done anytime, anywhere, and easily fit into your busy life.
- Proven Method – Works when other methods fail.
- Self-Paced – Go fast or go slow – it’s up to you.
- Based in Science – Developed using proven research on memory and learning.
- Cost-effective – Less expensive than classes or immersion, and features all native speakers.
- Genius – Triggers your brain’s natural aptitude to learn.
- Works for everyone – Recommended for ages 13 and above.
What’s Included?
- 30, 30-minute audio lessons
- 60 minutes of reading instruction to provide you with an introduction to reading Italian designed to teach you to sound out words with correct pronunciation and accent
- in total, 16 hours of audio, all featuring native speakers
- a Reading Booklet and a User’s Guide
What You’ll Learn
In the first 10 lessons, you’ll cover the basics: saying hello, asking for or giving information, scheduling a meal or a meeting, asking for or giving basic directions, and much more. You’ll be able to handle minimum courtesy requirements, understand much of what you hear, and be understood at a beginning level, but with near-native pronunciation skills.
In the next 10 lessons, you’ll build on what you’ve learned. Expand your menu, increase your scheduling abilities from general to specific, start to deal with currency and exchanging money, refine your conversations and add over a hundred new vocabulary items. You’ll understand more of what you hear, and be able to participate with speech that is smoother and more confident.
In the final 10 lessons, you’ll be speaking and understanding at an intermediate level. In this phase, more directions are given in the target language, which moves your learning to a whole new plane. Lessons include shopping, visiting friends, going to a restaurant, plans for the evening, car trips, and talking about family. You’ll be able to speak comfortably about things that happened in the past and make plans for the future.
Reading Lessons begin in Lesson 9 to provide you with an introduction to reading Italian. In addition, the combined Reading Lessons are included after Lesson 30. These Reading Lessons, which total about one hour, are designed to teach you to sound out words with correct pronunciation and accent.
The Pimsleur Method
We make no secret of what makes this powerful method work so well. Paul Pimsleur spent his career researching and perfecting the precise elements anyone can use to learn a language quickly and easily. Here are a few of his “secrets”:
The Principle of Anticipation
In the nanosecond between a cue and your response, your brain has to work to come up with the right word. Having to do this boosts retention, and cements the word in your mind.
Core Vocabulary
Words, phrases, and sentences are selected for their usefulness in everyday conversation. We don’t overwhelm you with too much, but steadily increase your ability with every lesson.
Graduated Interval Recall
Reminders of new words and structures come up at the exact interval for maximum retention and storage into your long-term memory.
Organic Learning
You work on multiple aspects of the language simultaneously. We integrate grammar, vocabulary, rhythm, melody, and intonation into every lesson, which allows you to experience the language as a living, expressive form of human culture.
Learning in Context
Research has shown that learning new words in context dramatically accelerates your ability to remember. Every scene in every Pimsleur lesson is set inside a conversation between two people. There are no drills, and no memorization necessary for success.
Active Participation
The Pimsleur Method + active learner participation = success. This method works with every language and every learner who follows it. You gain the power to recall and use what you know, and to add new words easily, exactly as you do in English.
The Italian Language
Italian is the official language of Italy and San Marino, and one of the official languages of Switzerland, Croatia, and Slovenia. Italian is spoken by about 58 million people in Italy, 24,000 in San Marino, 840,000 in Switzerland, another million in other European countries, and approximately 5 million in North and South America. Historically, Italian is a daughter language of Latin. Italian uses the Roman alphabet and the pronunciation of the language follows the spelling very closely.
عنوان : زبان تخصصی حسابداری (بودجه بندی حسابداری)
تعداد صفحات :
ترجمه 28 صفحه Word
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