دانلود پاورپوینت مهارت های آموزشی و پرورشی ( روشها و فنون تدریس)
دانلود پاورپوینت مهارتهای آموزشی و پرورشی( روشها و فنون تدریس) که شامل 376 اسلاید و بشرح زیر میباشد:
نوع فایل : PowerPoint
ویژه ی رشته های علوم تربیتی، مدیریت وبرنامه ریزی آموزشی و .......
این فایل پاورپوینت که با زحمت فراوان گرداوری، تایپ و تدوین شده ،جهت یادگیری سریع ، ارایه و کنفرانس و... در خدمت شما دانشجویان و اساتید محترم خواهد بود.
*هدف ما راحتی شماست*
بخش اول: یادگیری
فصل اول: نظریه های یادگیری
فصل دوم: الگوهای یادگیری
بخش دوم: ارتباط و تدریس
فصل سوم: ارتباط و اثر آن درفرایند تدریس- یادگیری
فصل چهارم: نظریه های تدریس
بخش سوم : مهارتهای آموزشی پیش از تدریس
فصل پنجم : شناخت و تدوین هدفهای آموزشی
فصل ششم: تحلیل آموزشی
فصل هفتم : محتوا، روش و وسیله
فصل هشتم: تحلیل نظام ارزشیابی و کاربرد طراحی آموزشی
بخش چهارم فعالیت های آموزشی ضمن تدریس
فصل نهم: الگوهای تدریس
فصل دهم : روشهای تدریس سنتی و متداول
فصل یازدهم: روشهای جدید تدریس
بخش پنجم: مهارتهای آموزشی بعد از تدریس
فصل دوازدهم: مفاهیم کلی ارزشیابی
فصل سیزدهم: روشهای مختلف ارزشیابی
دانلود پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد مترجمی زبان انگلیسی با موضوع ترجمه عبارات اصطلاحی از انگلیسی به عربی
دانلود پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد مترجمی زبان انگلیسی با موضوع ترجمه عبارات اصطلاحی از انگلیسی به عربی که شامل 124 صفحه و بشرح زیر میباشد:
نوع فایل : PDF قابل ویرایش
Translating Idiomatic Expressions from English into Arabic
Table of Contents
Chapter
Subject
Page
Thesis Title 0
Authorization i
Thesis Committee Decision ii
Acknowledgments iii
Dedication v
Table of contents vi
List of Tables x
List of Appendices xi
English Abstract xii
Arabic Abstract xv
Chapter One
Introduction 1
1.1 Background of the Study 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem 6
1.3 Objectives of the Study 6
1.4 Questions of the Study 6
1.5 Significance of the Study 7
1.6 Limitations of the Study 8
1.7 Definition of Terms 8
Chapter Two
Review of Related Literature 9
2.0 Introduction 9
2.1 Review of Theoretical Literature 9
2.1.1 Translation, Culture and Types of Idiomatic Expressions 9
2.1.2 Difficulties Encountered in Translating Idiomatic Expressions 16
2.1.3 Techniques and Strategies Used in Translating Idiomatic Expressions 20
2.2 Empirical Studies 25
2.2.1 Studies Related to Cultural and Idiomatic Expressions, and Other Difficulties in Translation 26
2.2.2 Studies Related to Strategies and Techniques for Translating Idiomatic Expressions 32
Chapter Three
Methods and Procedures 35
3.0 Introduction 35
3.1 Population and Sample of the Study 35
3.2 Instruments of the Study 37
3.2.1 Translation Test 37
3.2.2 Interviews 39
3.3 Validity and Reliability of the Instruments 39
3.3.1 Validity of the Instruments 39
3.3.2 Reliability of the Instruments 40
3.4 Data Collection and Statistical Analysis 40
3.5 Procedures 41
Chapter Four
Results of the Study 43
4.0 Introduction 43
4.1 Results Related to the First Question 43
4.2 Views of Students and Translation Experts about the Major Challenges that M.A Students Encountered in Translating Idiomatic Expressions 63
4.3 Results Related to the Second Question 68
4.4 Results Related to the Third Question 71
Chapter Five
Discussion and Recommendations 75
5.0 Introduction 75
5.1 Discussion Related to the Findings of the First Question 75
5.2 Discussion Related to the Findings of the Second Question 79
5.3 Discussion Related to the Findings of the Third Question 82
5.4 Conclusions 84
5.5 Recommendations 86
5.6 Suggestions for future research 88
References 89
Appendices (A-H)
List of Tables Number Title Page Table 1
Demographic Characteristics of the Sample 36 Table 2
Participants’ Translation Performance in the English-Arabic Test 44
List of Appendices
Appendix
Title
Page
Appendix A
MEU Letter of Permission 95
Appendix B
Interviewed Experts 96
Appendix C
Validation Committee 97
Appendix D
The Validation Letter 98
Appendix E
Demographic Data Questionnaire 99
Appendix F
English-Arabic Translation Test 100
Appendix G
Semi- Structured Interview Questions for Experts 106
Appendix H
Semi- Structured Interview Questions for M.A Students 107
Abstract
This study aimed at investigating the challenges that M.A students encounter when translating idiomatic expressions. Particularly, it aimed at answering the following questions:
1- What are the major challenges that M.A students encounter in translating idiomatic expressions?
2- What factors cause such challenges?
3- What recommendations can be suggested to handle these challenges?
To achieve the goal of this study, the researcher selected a purposive sample that comprised 40 M.A students who were enrolled in the M.A program in two Jordanian Universities (i.e. Middle East University and Petra University)
during the second semester 2013/2014. The researcher designed a translation test that consisted of 20 statements which M.A students were asked to translate from English to Arabic. Each statement contained an idiomatic expression based on O'Dell and McCarthy's (2010) categorization of idioms namely: proverbs, metaphors, similes, and binomials. These statements represented different fields i.e. social, sports, scientific, media, educational, economic, political, and business. The researcher also conducted semi-structured interviews with students and experts in the field of translation to compile more information.
The results revealed that M.A students encounter different kinds of challenges when translating idiomatic expressions. These challenges are mostly related to inability to find a target language equivalent and unawareness of pragmatic, formal and semantic characteristics of idiomatic expressions, unawareness of the cultural differences between English and Arabic and unawareness of idioms’ categorization namely (proverbs, metaphor, similes and binomials).
Students and experts elaborated on the factors behind these challenges and through their answers it is clear that lack of awareness in the source language cultural patterns (traditions, habits, customs, ceremonies,
entertainments and social patterns and religious background), unawareness of the cultural differences, misusing the appropriate technique and the tendency to use literal translation that is in most cases not successful, using the paraphrasing technique rather than giving the target language equivalent and the use of idiomatic expressions in colloquial rather than standard language are the main reasons behind the failure in translating idiomatic expressions .
دانلود پایان نامه ارشد مترجمی زبان انگلیسی The Role of Translation in the Production of International Print News
دانلود پایان نامه ارشد مترجمی زبان انگلیسی The Role of Translation in the Production of International Print News که شامل 247 صفحه و بشرح زیر میباشد:
نوع فایل : PDF قابل ویرایش
The Role of Translation in the Production of International Print News
Three Case Studies in the Language Direction Spanish to English
Abstract
Translation has become a key, albeit hidden factor in the success of international news as a
marketable commodity and one that is not overtly recognised by journalists. However,
despite the important socio-political role played by translation in the global circulation of
news, general principles governing processes of translation in its production have received
scant attention from both Media and Translation Studies researchers
The core to this study is to explore the complex set of processes that occur in the
translation of political news, and to discover what exactly happens at various points in regard
to who translates, what is translated, where it is translated and by whom it is translated. A
further goal is to ascertain the extent to which trained competent translators are involved, as
opposed to linguistically competent journalists, or, if that is not the case, whether indeed the
former should be involved in processes of news translation.
From a translation perspective the study explores the practice of newswriters
complying with common journalistic strategies such as simplification and reframing to suit
the needs of their readership for the maintenance of dominant political or cultural ideologies.
It also examines the extent to which disregard for, and removal from, original context, as well
as over- or under-emphasis of particular terms or phrases actually happens in translated news
texts in the Spanish-English context, and the effect that this may have at the point of
reception by the new readership.
By comparing three sub-corpora of journalistic source and target texts through critical
discourse analysis, and by taking into account translation processes through ethnographic
research in international news outlets, the ultimate goal is to identify the causes that can
trigger textual manipulation. Using three case studies comprising political news events that
were originally reported in Spanish at the source of the events, and which were subsequently
reported in UK and US national newspapers, the study investigates the extent to which
transformations occur through translation in the representation of political news events, how
they might occur, who is involved in the process and what effect any transformations might
have on readers.
Table of Contents
Introduction
1.1 Aims, Rationale and Relevance of this Study 4
1.2 Methodological Framework 7
1.3 Research Questions 9
1.4 Chapter Outline 13
2.1 News Translation in Translation Studies – a Theoretical Framework 17
2.1.1 Functionalist Approaches 20
2.1.2 The “Cultural Turn” in Translation Studies 24
2.1.3 Lefevere’s Theory of Rewriting 27
2.1.4 Descriptive Translation Studies 30
2.1.5 Defining ‘News Translation’ 34
2.2 Globalisation and the Media 41
2.2.1 News Agencies as Agents of Globalisation 41
2.2.2 Transparency versus Invisibility 44
2.2.3 Homogeneity and Diversity in the Circulation of News 46
2.3 Translation in the Production of International News 51
2.3.1 The News Gathering and Dissemination Process 52
2.3.2 Translation and the Translator in News Gathering and Dissemination 58
2.3.3 The Processes Involved in Textual Transformation 65
2.3.4 Regulatory Processes in the Dissemination of International News 68
2.3.5 Translator and Translation Competence in Media Contexts 73
2.4 The Discourse of News 83
2.4.1 News as a Social Construct 84
2.4.2 Ideologies in the Discourse of News Reports 87
Research Methodology 97
3.1 Research Type 98
3.2 Research Models 99
3.3 Data Collection 102
3.4 Case Study as a Research Tool 104
3.5 Field Research 105
3.6 Data Analysis 109
3.7 Translation-Orientated Approaches to Text and Discourse Analysis 109
3.8 What is Critical Discourse Analysis? 114
3.9 Theoretical Objections to the Use of CDA in Translated Texts 122
3.10 The Application of CDA in this Study 126
Case Studies and Analysis 133
4.1 Case Study One – Manuel Zelaya’s ‘Referendum’ 136
4.2 Case Study Two – Prospecting for Oil in the Falkland Islands/Islas Malvinas 167
4.3 Case Study Three – Spain’s Economic Crisis 177
4.4 Conclusions from Case Studies 185
5 Findings and Conclusions 193
5.1 Main Findings 193
5.2 Challenges and Limitations of the Study 203
5.3 Further Research 206
Bibliography 213
Appendices 231
1 Questions for Unstructured Interviews – Newspaper and Agency Journalists 231
2 Questions for Unstructured Interviews – Newspaper Editors 233
3 Newspaper Extracts Pertaining to Case Study One 234
4 Newspaper Extracts Pertaining to Case Study Two 239
5 Newspaper Extracts Pertaining to Case Study Three 240
دانلود تحقیق کلیات بتن غلتکی
دانلود تحقیق کلیات بتن غلتکی که شامل 8 صفحه و بشرح زیر میباشد:
نوع فایل : Word
فهرست محتوا
تعریف بتن غلتکی :موسسه بتن آمریکا بتن غلتکی را بدین شرح تعریف می کند . بتنی که در حالت تازه شرایطی دارد که امکان عبور غلتک از روی آن فراهم می آید و بدین ترتیب در نهایت بتن متراکم شده ای که وسیله تراکم آن غلتک بوده حاصل می شود. بسیاری از خصوصیات بتن غلتکی در حالت تخت شده مشابه بتن معمولی است . با این تفاوت که می توان بتن غلتکی ساخت که خصوصیات آن در حالت سخت شده خارج از محدود تعریف شده بتن معمولی باشد تعریف عبارت تراکم غلتکی نیز به معنای فرآیندی است که تراکم بتن در طی آن صورت می گیرد با استفاده از غلتک های لرزان….کاربرد:اصلی ترین مزایای بتن غلتکی :نیازهای مهندسی:تعمیر و نگهداریاستفاده از سنگدانه های بازیافتی:مصالح بازیافتی :طرح اختلاط :ویژه ی رشته های عمران، معماری ، راه و ساختمان،راهسازی و .......
*هدف ما راحتی شماست*
